An overview of 3D mammogram
A 3D mammogram, also known as breast tomosynthesis, is an imaging test that combines multiple breast X-rays to create a three-dimensional picture of the breast. It is used for breast cancer screening in people with no signs or symptoms and for investigating breast problems. Combining 3D mammograms with standard 2D mammograms may reduce the need for follow-up imaging and slightly increase the number of cancers detected during screening. However, more research is needed to determine whether 3D mammograms may reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer more than standard mammograms alone.
What is 3D mammogram used for?
A 3D mammogram is primarily used for breast cancer screening to detect breast cancer in individuals with no signs or symptoms of the disease. It can also be used to investigate breast abnormalities such as a suspicious lump or thickening. The 3D mammogram combines multiple breast X-rays to create a three-dimensional picture of the breast, which helps healthcare providers to identify abnormalities more accurately. When used for breast cancer screening, it is often combined with standard 2D mammogram images to maximize the detection of breast abnormalities.
How to prepare for 3D mammogram?
For a 3D mammogram test, you should:
- Check with your insurance provider to confirm coverage and costs.
- Schedule the test when your breasts are least tender, typically during the week after your menstrual period.
- Bring any previous mammogram images if going to a new facility.
- Avoid using deodorants, antiperspirants, powders, lotions, creams, or perfumes before the test.
- Wear a two-piece outfit for easier undressing.
- Expect the procedure to be performed in front of an X-ray machine, where the technician will position your breast on a platform for clear imaging.
How is 3D mammogram conducted?
A 3D mammogram test involves the following steps:
- Breast positioning: Stand in front of the mammography machine with one breast positioned on a clear plastic plate.
- Pressure application: The technician will apply even compression on your breast using plates to spread out the breast tissue.
- Imaging process: The 3D mammogram machine will move above you, capturing multiple X-ray images of your breast at different angles. You may be asked to stand still and hold your breath for a few seconds.
- Repositioning and additional images: After the initial images are taken, the pressure on your breast will be released, and the machine will be repositioned to take an image of your breast from the side. This process is repeated for the other breast.
The 3D mammogram process captures multiple images from different angles, allowing radiologists to examine your breast in greater detail and detect abnormalities more accurately.
How are 3D mammogram results reported?
The results of a 3D mammogram are reported by a radiologist who examines the images for any abnormalities that may be breast cancer. If anything unusual is found, the radiologist will use the standard 2D mammogram images and any previous mammogram images to determine if additional testing is needed. Additional tests for breast cancer may include an ultrasound, MRI, or biopsy. The results are typically communicated to the patient's doctor, who will then discuss them with the patient.
Understanding the report
During a 3D mammogram, the images collected are synthesized by a computer to form a 3D picture of your breast. A radiologist examines the images to look for abnormalities that may be breast cancer. If anything unusual is seen, the radiologist will use your standard mammogram and any older mammogram images available to determine whether additional testing is needed, such as an ultrasound, MRI, or biopsy.