An overview of Discogram
A discogram, also known as discography, is an imaging test used to evaluate back pain. During the test, dye is injected into the soft center of one or more spinal disks, which can reproduce the back pain. The dye also helps identify any cracks in the disk's exterior, which can be seen on an X-ray or CT scan. The procedure is usually performed in a clinic or hospital room with imaging equipment. It takes 30 to 60 minutes, and the patient is awake but may receive a sedative and antibiotic. The results of a discogram are combined with other tests, like MRI and CT scans, to guide treatment for back pain.
What is Discogram used for?
A discogram is used to evaluate back pain and determine if a specific abnormal disk in the spine is causing the pain. It helps identify any cracks or abnormalities in the disk's exterior by injecting dye into the soft center of one or more disks. However, the usefulness of a discogram is controversial as disks that show signs of wear and tear don't always cause symptoms. A discogram is generally not used for an initial evaluation of back pain and is typically suggested when conservative treatments have not been effective in relieving the pain.
How to prepare for Discogram?
Before the discogram test, patients may need to avoid taking blood-thinning medications for a time and follow specific instructions about food and drink. They may be asked to refrain from eating or drinking the morning of the test. Patients should follow their doctor's advice on what medicines they can take and any additional preparations needed.
How is Discogram conducted?
A discogram test is conducted by injecting dye into the soft center of one or more spinal disks while the patient lies on a table, either on their abdomen or side. The procedure is performed using fluoroscopy to guide the needle placement and to watch the dye spread in real-time. The patient is given a sedative and an antibiotic to help with relaxation and infection prevention. The results of the discogram are combined with other tests, such as MRIs and physical examinations, to help diagnose the source of back pain and guide treatment decisions.
Limitations and Considerations
Limitations of the discogram test include its potential for inaccuracies in pinpointing the exact source of back pain and its risks of complications such as infection, worsening of chronic back pain, injury to nerves or blood vessels, and allergic reactions to the contrast dye. Additionally, disks with signs of wear and tear may not always cause symptoms, which can limit the usefulness of the test.