An overview of Jaw surgery
Jaw surgery, also known as orthognathic surgery, is a medical procedure that involves correcting irregularities of the jaw bones and realigning the jaws and teeth to improve their function and facial appearance. It is usually performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and the surgery takes place in the hospital under general anesthesia.
What is Jaw surgery used for?
Jaw surgery is used to correct irregularities in the jaw bones and realign the jaws and teeth to improve their function and appearance. It may be necessary if jaw problems cannot be resolved with orthodontics alone. Jaw surgery is typically performed on individuals who have stopped growing, which is usually around ages 14 to 16 for females and 17 to 21 for males. The surgery may help with issues such as biting and chewing difficulties, speech problems, and swallowing issues. In some cases, it may also be used to correct facial imbalances, relieve pain caused by temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, repair facial injuries or birth defects, and provide relief for obstructive sleep apnea. However, as with any surgery, there are potential risks involved, including blood loss, infection, nerve injury, jaw fracture, and problems with bite fit and jaw joint pain.
How to prepare for Jaw surgery?
Before jaw surgery, patients typically undergo preparations to ensure a successful procedure and recovery. These preparations may include:
- Orthodontic treatment: Patients usually have braces placed on their teeth by an orthodontist for 12 to 18 months before the jaw surgery. This helps to align and level the teeth, which facilitates the surgical process and allows for better results.
- Jaw surgery consultation: The patient will consult with an oral and maxillofacial surgeon to discuss the surgery, the expected outcomes, and the potential risks and complications.
- X-rays, pictures, and models of teeth: The orthodontist and surgeon will use X-rays, pictures, and models of the teeth to develop a personalized treatment plan.
- Three-dimensional CT scanning and virtual surgical planning (VSP): These advanced technologies may be utilized to plan the surgery and guide the surgeon during the procedure for optimal results.
- Temporary orthodontic anchoring devices: These devices may be placed before surgery to help guide the teeth and jaws into their new positions after surgery.
- Nutritional supplements or dietitian consultation: The patient may be advised to consume nutritional supplements or consult with a dietitian to manage any eating difficulties during the recovery period.
- Blood donation: In some cases, patients may be advised to donate their own blood before surgery in case transfusions are needed during or after the procedure. It's important to follow the guidance of your orthodontist and oral and maxillofacial surgeon to ensure a successful surgery and recovery.
How are Jaw surgery results reported?
Jaw surgery results are typically reported in terms of improvements in the function of the teeth and the appearance of the lower face. After the surgery, patients may experience improved biting and chewing ability, better swallowing and speech, and a more balanced appearance of the lower face. Additionally, orthodontic treatment may be completed after initial jaw healing, leading to a final alignment of teeth and improved self-esteem.
Understanding the report
Jaw surgery results are interpreted based on the specific goals and objectives of the procedure, which typically include improving the function of the teeth, making biting and chewing easier, correcting problems with swallowing or speech, and enhancing the overall facial appearance. The success of jaw surgery is measured by how well these goals are achieved. The results of jaw surgery are usually evaluated after the initial jaw healing, which typically takes about six weeks. At this point, the orthodontist will finalize the alignment of the teeth with braces. The entire orthodontic process, including surgery and braces, may take several years, depending on the individual case. Once the braces are removed, retainers may be used to hold the tooth positions in their new, corrected alignment. The final results of jaw surgery may not be immediately noticeable, as swelling and bruising may persist for several weeks after the procedure. However, over time, the final outcome should become evident, with benefits such as improved appearance, speech, self-esteem, sleep, breathing, chewing, and swallowing. Remember, the interpretations of jaw surgery results may vary depending on the individual case, the extent of the procedure, and the patient's overall health and healing process. Always consult with your healthcare provider for a personalized evaluation of your surgery's results.