An overview of SPECT scan
A SPECT scan is a nuclear imaging test that uses a radioactive substance and a special camera to create 3D pictures of the body's organs, tissue, and bones. It helps analyze how organs are functioning. SPECT scans are commonly used to diagnose or monitor brain disorders, heart problems, and bone disorders. They can detect altered blood flow in the brain, help diagnose seizure disorders, and assess areas of bone healing or cancer progression. The SPECT machine is a large circular device containing a camera that rotates around the patient while taking pictures of internal organs and structures. The images are sent to a computer that creates 3D images of the body.
What is SPECT scan used for?
A SPECT scan is used to analyze organs, tissue, and bones in the body, providing information on their function rather than just their structure. Common uses include diagnosing or monitoring brain disorders, heart problems, and bone disorders. SPECT scans can detect altered blood flow in the brain, help diagnose or evaluate seizure disorders, Parkinson's disease, and clogged coronary arteries. They can also be used to diagnose and track the progression of cancer that has spread to the bones and identify sites for bone biopsy. SPECT scans are generally considered safe, but some people may experience side effects from the radioactive tracer used during the procedure.
How to prepare for SPECT scan?
Before undergoing an SPECT scan, patients should:
- Leave metallic jewelry at home.
- Inform the technologist if pregnant or breastfeeding.
- Bring a list of all medications and supplements. Follow specific instructions from the healthcare team regarding additional preparations. In general, avoid strenuous exercise and consume a light meal before the test. Consult the doctor or radiation technologist for personalized guidance.
How is SPECT scan conducted?
A SPECT scan is conducted by receiving a radioactive substance through an intravenous (IV) infusion into a vein in the arm. After the tracer dose is absorbed, the patient lies on a table while the SPECT machine rotates around, taking pictures of internal organs and structures. These pictures are sent to a computer that creates 3D images of the body. The scan takes place in two steps: receiving the radioactive substance and using the SPECT machine to scan a specific area of the body.
How are SPECT scan results reported?
Results of a SPECT scan are typically analyzed by a radiologist or a doctor with advanced training in nuclear medicine. They examine the images generated by the scan and report the results. The results may be represented using colors or shades of gray, depending on the specific scan and the area being examined. For example, lighter colors may indicate less active brain areas, while darker colors could represent more active areas. For heart scans, the results may show the efficiency of heart chambers during contractions and any potential blockages in the coronary arteries. Follow up with the healthcare team to discuss the results and receive a thorough interpretation and explanation of the findings.
Understanding the report
SPECT scan results are interpreted by analyzing the images created by the nuclear imaging test. The images show how organs and tissues are functioning rather than just their structure. The interpretation of SPECT scan results is typically done by a specialized doctor called a nuclear medicine physician or a radiologist with expertise in nuclear imaging. They look for abnormalities in blood flow, metabolism, or other functions that can help diagnose or monitor various medical conditions, such as brain disorders, heart problems, and bone disorders. The results are often compared with other diagnostic tests and the patient's medical history to confirm a diagnosis or monitor the effectiveness of treatment.