Overview
Conversion disorder, now known as functional neurologic disorder, is a condition where a person experiences physical symptoms such as numbness, weakness, or paralysis, which cannot be explained by a neurological disease or other medical condition. The symptoms are real and can be quite distressing, but they are not intentionally produced or under the person's control. The cause of conversion disorder is unknown, but it may be triggered by a psychological or emotional trauma, stress, or a reaction to a neurological disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment, including education about the condition, can help with recovery.
Understanding the disease
Symptoms
Conversion disorder, also known as functional neurologic disorder, involves the presence of physical symptoms without a neurological or medical explanation. The symptoms may include:
- Unexplained withdrawal, fear, sadness, or irritability
- A sad and listless appearance
- Failure to smile or show response to comfort
- Failure to engage in social interaction or reaching out when picked up
- Lack of interest in interactive games, such as peekaboo
- Behavioral problems
- The need for excessive reassurance due to extreme sensitivity to rejection or failure
- Cognitive issues, such as trouble with thinking, concentrating, making decisions, and remembering
- Negative thoughts about life, the future, and the self
- Frequent thoughts of death, dying, or suicide It's important to note that these symptoms may also be associated with other mental health conditions, such as depression or schizoaffective disorder. A thorough evaluation by a mental health professional is necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Assessment and Diagnosis
Triage
It is recommended to seek medical care as soon as possible if you have concerns about your child's behavior or development when conversion disorder is suspected. It is natural to be concerned about labeling your child with a mental illness, but early intervention and treatment can help manage and overcome the symptoms associated with conversion disorder.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing conversion disorder involves a comprehensive evaluation process that considers the patient's symptoms, medical history, and psychological assessments. The following steps are typically involved in the diagnostic process:
- Physical Examination: A healthcare provider conducts a thorough physical examination to rule out any neurological or medical conditions that could be causing the symptoms.
- Psychiatric Evaluation: A mental health professional, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist, will assess the patient's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors through interviews, discussions, and observations.
- Diagnostic Criteria: The healthcare provider will compare the patient's symptoms to the diagnostic criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association.
- Ruling Out Other Conditions: The diagnostic process also involves ruling out other mental health disorders or medical conditions that could be causing the symptoms. This may involve additional tests, such as blood tests, imaging studies, or cognitive assessments. It is essential to consult a healthcare professional with expertise in functional neurological symptom disorders or conversion disorders for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.
Management and Treatment
Home Remedies
It is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment of conversion disorder.
Treatment
It is generally treated through a combination of psychotherapy and, in some cases, medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, can help patients understand and cope with their symptoms, while medications may help manage related anxiety, depression, or other conditions. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice and treatment recommendations.
Preparing for medical consultation
To prepare for an appointment for conversion disorder, you should:
- Gather information: Make a list of any symptoms you or your family have noticed, including their duration. Ask friends or family members if they have noticed any concerning behaviors or symptoms.
- Prepare personal information: Be ready to discuss traumatic events in your past and any current major stressors. Additionally, find out about your family's medical history, including any history of mental health conditions.
- Discuss your medical history: Prepare a list of any other physical or mental health conditions you have been diagnosed with.
- Bring a support person: Consider bringing a family member or friend along to your appointment, as they may be able to provide valuable insights and information about your situation.
- Be honest and open: During the appointment, be honest and open about your symptoms and experiences. This will help your healthcare provider or mental health professional understand your situation better and provide appropriate treatment. Remember, the appointment is an opportunity to discuss your concerns and work towards finding the best course of action for your situation.